"capall" meaning in Old Irish

See capall in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈka.pəl̪/
Etymology: Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (“horse”) and capellus (“small goat”). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”). Etymology templates: {{uncertain|sga}} Uncertain, {{cog|cy|ceffyl}} Welsh ceffyl, {{cog|cel-gau||Caballo-}} Gaulish Caballo-, {{bor|sga|la-vul|*cappillus}} Vulgar Latin *cappillus, {{m+|la|caballus}} Latin caballus, {{cog|grc|καβάλλης||a nag}} Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|capaill|||||||nominative plural|capaill||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|altform=|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill), {{sga-noun|m|capaill|capaill}} capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-o-masc|capaill|acc_pl=caipliu|dat_pl=caiplib|dat_sg=capull}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=capall+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=caipliu+H|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=capall+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=o-m|dat_du=caiplib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=caiplib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=capull+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=capall|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=capall+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_pl4=|gen_sg=capaill+L|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=capall+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=capaill+L|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=capall|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=capall+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=caipliu+H|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=capaill|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: capaill [genitive], capaill [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], capall [nominative, singular], capall [dual, nominative], capaill [nominative, plural], capaill [singular, vocative], capall [dual, vocative], caipliu [plural, vocative], capall [accusative, singular], capall [accusative, dual], caipliu [accusative, plural], capaill [genitive, singular], capall [dual, genitive], capall [genitive, plural], capull [dative, singular], caiplib [dative, dual], caiplib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], capall [error-unrecognized-form], chapall [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. horse Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-capall-sga-noun-~WKGK23C Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Undetermined language links, Horses, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 3 19 2 70 5 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 28 1 64 4 1

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "capall"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "word": "cabbyl"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "capall"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "kapall"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kapall"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ceffyl"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ceffyl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-gau",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Caballo-"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish Caballo-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "*cappillus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cappillus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caballus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caballus",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "καβάλλης",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a nag"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (“horse”) and capellus (“small goat”). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-o-masc\n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caipliu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caipliu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capull",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caiplib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caiplib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chapall",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "capaill",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "capaill",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "capaill",
        "3": "capaill"
      },
      "expansion": "capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "capaill",
        "acc_pl": "caipliu",
        "dat_pl": "caiplib",
        "dat_sg": "capull"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "capall+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "caipliu+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "capall+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "o-m",
        "dat_du": "caiplib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "caiplib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "capull+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "capall",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "capall+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_pl4": "",
        "gen_sg": "capaill+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "capall+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "capaill+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "capall",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "capall+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "caipliu+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "capaill",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined language links",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Horses",
          "orig": "sga:Horses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 2 70 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 28 1 64 4 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horse"
      ],
      "id": "en-capall-sga-noun-~WKGK23C",
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈka.pəl̪/"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blasse",
      "other": "[ˈka.pal̪]"
    },
    {
      "note": "Griffith",
      "other": "[ˈka.pəl̪]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "capall"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "gd-noun 2",
    "gd:Baby animals",
    "gd:Horses",
    "gd:Male animals"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "capall"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Manx",
      "lang_code": "gv",
      "word": "cabbyl"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "capall"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "kapall"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kapall"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "uncertain"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ceffyl"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh ceffyl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-gau",
        "2": "",
        "3": "Caballo-"
      },
      "expansion": "Gaulish Caballo-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "*cappillus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cappillus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caballus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caballus",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "καβάλλης",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a nag"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (“horse”) and capellus (“small goat”). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-o-masc\n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caipliu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caipliu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capaill",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capull",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caiplib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "caiplib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "capall",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chapall",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "capaill",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "capaill",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "capaill",
        "3": "capaill"
      },
      "expansion": "capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "capaill",
        "acc_pl": "caipliu",
        "dat_pl": "caiplib",
        "dat_sg": "capull"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "capall+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "caipliu+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "capall+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "o-m",
        "dat_du": "caiplib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "caiplib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "capull+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "capall",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "capall+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_pl4": "",
        "gen_sg": "capaill+L",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "capall+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "capaill+L",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "capall",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "capall+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "caipliu+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "capaill",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Irish lemmas",
        "Old Irish masculine nouns",
        "Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Old Irish nouns",
        "Old Irish terms borrowed from Vulgar Latin",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old Irish terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Undetermined language links",
        "sga:Horses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈka.pəl̪/"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blasse",
      "other": "[ˈka.pal̪]"
    },
    {
      "note": "Griffith",
      "other": "[ˈka.pəl̪]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "capall"
}

Download raw JSONL data for capall meaning in Old Irish (5.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: capall/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "capall"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "capall",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "capall"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "capall",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "capall"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "capall",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.